We have seen how an ever increasing panoply of particles has been discovered and systematized. In essence, this has been a journey into ever smaller regions of the universe, starting with the atom at 10-10 meters, to the nucleus at 10-14 meters, to the proton at 10-15 meters, to quarks (we are currently not able to discern substructure in the quark)..
Examples of the increasing precision with which we see and understand the universe are shown here with lithium and the nucleons.
The particles which make up the entire universe are shown below [Actually there are also particles which carry the four known forces: electromagnetism (the photon), the strong force (gluons), the weak force (W's and the Z0), and gravity (gravitons).]
A more detailed look at the Standard Model is available.
